Input and output power modules configured to provide selective power to an uninterruptible power supply

ABSTRACT

An uninterruptible power supply (“UPS”) includes an input module having a plurality of inputs, and at least one jumper element configured to selectively couple at least one input of the plurality of inputs to at least one other input of the plurality of inputs. The plurality of inputs and the at least one jumper element may be constructed and arranged to selectively achieve the following configurations: single power feed, single phase input and single phase output; dual power feed, single phase input and single phase output; single power feed, three phase input and single phase output; dual power feed, three phase input and single phase output; single power feed, three phase input and three phase output; and dual power feed, three phase input and three phase output. Other embodiments and methods of selectively achieving multiple power configurations are also disclosed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to power inputs andoutputs used in a power system, and more particularly to a power inputand a power output that may be selectively configured to accommodatechanges in the power requirements of an uninterruptible power supply.

2. Discussion of Related Art

The use of an uninterruptible power supply or “UPS” to provide power toa critical load is well known in the art. The UPS is designed to protectelectronic equipment from utility power blackouts, brownouts, sags andsurges. The UPS may also protect electronic equipment from small utilityfluctuations and large disturbances. In most configurations, the UPSprovides battery backup until utility power returns to safe levels orthe batteries are fully discharged. Known uninterruptible power systemsinclude on-line UPSs and off-line UPSs. On-line UPSs provide conditionedAC power as well as backup AC power upon interruption of a primarysource of AC power. Off-line UPSs typically do not provide conditioningof input AC power, but do provide backup AC power upon interruption ofthe primary AC power source. On-line UPSs of the type described aboveare available from American Power Conversion Corporation, West Kingston,R.I. under a variety of different trade names. In certainconfigurations, a UPS may include an input circuit breaker/filter, arectifier, a control switch, a controller, a battery, an inverter, and abypass switch. The UPS also may include an input for coupling to an ACpower source and an output for coupling to a load.

The on-line UPS as described may be configured to operate as follows.The circuit breaker/filter receives input AC power from the AC powersource through the input, filters the input AC power and providesfiltered AC power to the rectifier. The rectifier rectifies the inputvoltage. The control switch receives the rectified power and alsoreceives DC power from the battery. The controller determines whetherthe power available from the rectifier is within predeterminedtolerances, and if so, controls the control switch to provide the powerfrom the rectifier to the inverter. If the power from the rectifier isnot within the predetermined tolerances, which may occur because ofbrownout or blackout conditions, or due to power surges, for example,then the controller controls the control switch to provide the DC powerfrom the battery to the inverter. The inverter of the UPS receives DCpower and converts the DC power to AC power and regulates the AC powerto predetermined specifications. Depending on the capacity of thebattery and the power requirements of the load, the UPS can providepower to the load during brief power source dropouts or for extendedpower outages. The bypass switch is used to provide a bypass of UPScircuitry to provide the input power directly to the output. The bypassswitch may be controlled by the controller to provide bypass of the UPScircuitry upon a failure condition of the UPS.

To provide further power redundancy, it is known to use a second powersource to supply power to a bypass switch of a UPS from a second sourceof AC power. Systems of this type are often referred to as dual mainsystems, which are similar to the UPS described above except that itincludes a second input to couple to a second power supply. The dualmain UPS may include a bypass switch that selectively couples the secondinput directly to the output of the UPS. In dual main systems,typically, a utility power source is coupled to the first power input ofthe system and a backup power source, such as a generator or utilitypower from a different grid, is coupled to the second power input of thesystem. Upon failure of the utility power source, the power system isable to continue to provide power to a load using the battery mode ofoperation of the UPS, while the generator is powered on and brought tofull output voltage. Once the generator is on line, the power system cancontinue to provide output power in a bypass mode for an extended periodof time from the generator.

Power inputs and outputs for such systems are usually selected based onthe user requirements for the particular UPS. For example, for systemsrequiring single phase input and single phase output, a UPS is selectedto meet this requirement. Similarly, for systems requiring either threephase input and single phase output, or any other combination of inputand output phases, a UPS meeting this requirement is selected. If powerrequirements change, a user must acquire a different UPS to meet the newrequirement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An aspect of the invention may be directed to an uninterruptible powersupply (“UPS”) comprising an input module including a plurality ofinputs, and at least one jumper element configured to selectively coupleat least one input of the plurality of inputs to at least one otherinput of the plurality of inputs. The plurality of inputs and the atleast one jumper element may be constructed and arranged to selectivelyachieve the following configurations: single power feed, single phaseinput and single phase output; dual power feed, single phase input andsingle phase output; single power feed, three phase input and singlephase output; dual power feed, three phase input and single phaseoutput; single power feed, three phase input and three phase output; anddual power feed, three phase input and three phase output.

Embodiments of the UPS may include providing the plurality of inputswith three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 and three bypass inputs B1, B2and B3. The at least one jumper element may comprise a bypass shortingjumper element configured to couple the three bypass inputs B1, B2 andB3 to one another to achieve the dual power feed, three phase input andsingle phase output configuration. The at least one jumper elementfurther may comprise a main shorting jumper element configured to couplethe three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 to one another to achieve thedual power feed, single phase input and single phase outputconfiguration. The at least one jumper element further may comprise afirst secondary jumper element configured to couple the primary input L1and the bypass input B1 to one another to achieve the single power feed,three phase input and single phase output configuration. The at leastone jumper element further may comprise a first secondary jumper elementconfigured to couple the primary input L1 and the bypass input B1 to oneanother, a second secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L2 and the bypass input B2 to one another, and a thirdsecondary jumper element configured to couple the primary input L3 andthe bypass input B3 to one another to achieve the single power feed,single phase input and single phase output configuration. The at leastone jumper element may comprise a first secondary jumper elementconfigured to couple the primary input L1 and the bypass input B1 to oneanother, a second secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L2 and the bypass input B2 to one another, and a thirdsecondary jumper element configured to couple the primary input L3 andthe bypass input B3 to one another to achieve the single power feed,three phase input and three phase output configuration. The dual feed,three phase input and three phase output configuration may be achievedwithout the at least one jumper element coupled to any of the pluralityof inputs. The plurality of inputs further may comprise a neutral inputand a ground input, and wherein each input of the plurality of inputscomprises at least one screw lug configured to secure a wire to eachinput. The ground input may comprise at least two screw lugs positionedadjacent one another. The at least one jumper element may include atleast one blocking segment to selectively block the coupling of a wireto at least one of the plurality of inputs. The UPS further may comprisean output module including a plurality of outputs and an output modulejumper element configured to couple at least two outputs of theplurality of outputs to one another. The plurality of outputs maycomprise outputs L1, L2 and L3. The plurality of outputs further maycomprise a neutral output and a ground output. The jumper elementfurther may couple the neutral output to at least one of the pluralityof outputs. The UPS further may comprise a battery pack powerdistribution unit coupled to one of the plurality of outputs of theoutput power module.

Another aspect of the invention may be directed to a method ofselectively achieving multiple power configurations in anuninterruptible power supply of the type comprising an input modulehaving three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 and three bypass inputs B1, B2and B3, and at least one jumper element configured to selectively coupleat least one input of the plurality of inputs to at least one otherinput of the plurality of inputs. The at least one jumper element maycomprise a main shorting jumper element configured to couple the threeprimary inputs L1, L2 and L3 to one another, a bypass shorting jumperelement configured to couple the three bypass inputs B1, B2 and B3 toone another, a first secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L1 to the bypass input B1, a second secondary jumperelement configured to couple the primary input L2 to the bypass inputB2, and a third secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L3 to the bypass input B3. In one embodiment, the methodmay comprise installing the bypass shorting jumper element to achieve adual power feed, a three phase input and a single phase outputconfiguration.

In other embodiments, the method further may comprise installing themain shorting jumper element to achieve a dual power feed, a singlephase input and a single phase output configuration. The method furthermay comprise installing the first secondary jumper element to achieve asingle power feed, a three phase input and a single phase outputconfiguration. The method further may comprise installing the mainshorting jumper element, the first secondary jumper element, the secondsecondary jumper element and the third secondary jumper element toachieve a single feed, a single phase input and a single phase outputconfiguration. In another embodiment, the method may further compriseselectively blocking the coupling of a wire to at least one of theplurality of inputs using one of the jumper elements.

A further aspect of the invention may be directed to a method ofselectively achieving multiple power configurations in anuninterruptible power supply of the type comprising an input modulehaving three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 and three bypass inputs B1, B2and B3, and at least one jumper element configured to selectively coupleat least one input of the plurality of inputs to at least one otherinput of the plurality of inputs. The at least one jumper element maycomprise a first secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L1 to the bypass input B1, a second secondary jumperelement configured to couple the primary input L2 to the bypass inputB2, and a third secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L3 to the bypass input B3. In one embodiment, the methodmay comprise installing the first secondary jumper element, the secondsecondary jumper element and the third secondary jumper element toachieve a single power feed, a three phase input and a three phaseoutput configuration.

Embodiments of the method may include selectively blocking the couplingof at least one of the plurality of inputs.

Yet another aspect of the invention may be directed to anuninterruptible power supply (“UPS”) comprising an input moduleincluding a plurality of inputs and means to selectively couple theinputs to achieve the following configurations: single power feed,single phase input and single phase output; dual power feed, singlephase input and single phase output; single power feed, three phaseinput and single phase output; dual power feed, three phase input andsingle phase output; single power feed, three phase input and threephase output; and dual power feed, three phase input and three phaseoutput.

Embodiments of the UPS may comprise an output module including aplurality of outputs and an output module jumper element configured tocouple at least one output of the plurality of outputs to at least oneother output of the plurality of outputs. The plurality of outputs maycomprise terminals L1, L2 and L3. In one embodiment, the UPS further maycomprise a battery pack power distribution unit coupled to one of theplurality of outputs of the output power module. In another embodiment,the UPS further may comprise an alternate power source coupled directlyto the output module.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is madeto the drawing figures which are incorporated herein by reference and inwhich:

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an uninterruptible powersupply (“UPS”) having a input power module and an output power module ofembodiments of the invention removed from a main body of the UPS;

FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of the UPS having the input powermodule and the output power module secured to the main body of the UPS;

FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the input power module having acover assembly removed to reveal an interior of the input power module;

FIG. 4 is a front exploded perspective view of the input power modulewith the cover assembly shown prior to its attachment to a housing ofthe input power module;

FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of the input power module;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a wire connected to a screw lug;

FIG. 7A is a rear perspective view of the output power module having acover removed to reveal an interior of the output power module;

FIG. 7B is a front perspective view of the output power module shown inFIG. 7A.

FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the input power module showing a singlefeed, a single phase input and a single phase output configuration;

FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the input power module showing a dual feed,a single phase input and a single phase output configuration;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the input power module showing a singlefeed, a three phase input and a single phase output configuration;

FIG. 11 is a top plan view of the input power module showing a dualfeed, a three phase input and a single phase output configuration;

FIG. 12 is a top plan view of the input power module showing a singlefeed, a three phase input and a three phase output configuration;

FIG. 13 is a top plan view of the input power module showing a dualfeed, a three phase input and a three phase output configuration;

FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the output power module showing a singlephase hardwire output configuration;

FIG. 15 is a top plan view of the output power module showing a threephase hardwire output configuration;

FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the output power module showing a singlephase output configuration that is connected to a battery pack powerdistribution unit; and

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of the UPS of embodiments of theinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

For the purposes of illustration only, and not to limit the generality,the present invention will now be described in detail with reference tothe accompanying figures. This invention is not limited in itsapplication to the details of construction and the arrangement ofcomponents set forth in the following description or illustrated in thedrawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of beingpracticed or being carried out in various ways. Also the phraseology andterminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should notbe regarded as limiting. The use of “including,” “comprising,” “having,”“containing,” “involving,” and variations thereof herein, is meant toencompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well asadditional items.

Embodiments of the invention provide an input module and an outputmodule for use in a UPS, such as the UPS configurations described above.Embodiments of the invention can be used in systems and electronicdevices, other than UPSs, that require electrical connections. Stillother applications of embodiments of the invention are envisioned.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an uninterruptible power supply (“UPS”) isshown and generally indicated at 10. The UPS 10 can be a domestic or aninternational UPS model sold by American Power Conversion Corporation ofWest Kingstown, R.I., the assignee of the present invention. Asdiscussed above, a UPS assists in providing a substantially consistentflow of power from a power source to electronic devices that areconnected to the UPS. The UPS 10 includes a main body 12 having aplurality of functional components housed within the main body. FIGS. 1and 2 illustrate a rear panel 14 of the main body 12 adapted to receivea power terminal input module generally indicated at 16 and a powerterminal output module generally indicated at 18. The purpose of theinput module 16 and the output module 18 is to provide electricalconnections for peripheral electrical devices, while keeping wires ofsuch devices sufficiently separated. For example, peripheral electricaldevices can include, but are not limited to, servers, HVAC devices,refrigeration devices, control panels and motor controls, which areoperated under the control of a controller (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2)provided within the UPS.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the input module 16 that can be used in aUPS is shown in perspective view with a pair of top covers 20, 22removed in FIG. 3 to show the interior of the module. As shown, theinput module 16 includes a housing generally indicated at 24 having abottom wall 26, two side walls 28, 30, a front 32 and a back wall 34,which together define an interior region of the housing. An insert 36,which may be fabricated from any suitable hard plastic or polymericmaterial, is disposed within the interior region of the housing 24adjacent the front 32 of the housing. The insert 36 may be suitablysecured to the housing 24 by screw fasteners (not shown) and/orintegrated tabs that snap fit within openings or perforations formed inthe bottom wall 26 and side walls 28, 30 of the housing. Referring toFIG. 4, the arrangement is such that the two top cover panels 20, 22,when secured to the housing in the manner shown, e.g., by screwfasteners 38, completely enclose the interior region of the housing 24.

As best shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the insert 36 is configured at the front32 of the housing 24 with seven socket terminals, each indicated at 40,and one pin terminal 42. The front 32 of the housing 24 of the inputmodule 16 may be inserted and plugged into an input receptacle 44provided in the UPS 10 in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Asshown in FIG. 5, the six left-hand socket terminals 40 a, 40 b, 40 c, 40d, 40 e and 40 f are adapted to transfer a main alternating current(“AC”) source and an auxiliary AC source to the UPS. The remainingsocket terminal 40 g and the right-hand pin terminal 42 are configuredto connect a neutral wire and earth ground wires (both not shown),respectively, to the UPS 10.

The interior region of the housing 24 of the input module 16 may befurther configured to have eight stalls, each stall defining anelectrical connection terminal. Specifically, the terminals aredesignated L1, L2, L3, B1, B2, B3, N and G in FIGS. 3 and 8-13, with thesix right-hand terminals (designated B3, B2, B1, L1, L2 and L3 fromright to left in FIGS. 3 and 8-13) being adapted to receive a main ACsource and an auxiliary AC source in the manner described in greaterdetail below. Each of the six terminals L1, L2, L3, B1, B2 and B3 have ascrew lug each indicated at 46 configured to secure an electrical wireor cable (not shown) in a well-known manner. The electrical wire may becrimped, screwed or otherwise fastened into a contacting position withthe screw lug. For electrical and mechanical connection, the screw lugs46 are substantially exposed within their respective stalls. As shown,the six right-hand terminals (i.e., B3, B2, B1, L1, L2 and L3 in FIGS. 3and 8-13) may be positioned adjacent respective socket terminals (i.e.,40 a, 40 b, 40 c, 40 d, 40 e and 40 f, respectively). The two left-handterminals (i.e., N and G as shown in FIGS. 8-13) are adapted to receiveneutral and ground wires (not shown) and correspond to the remainingsocket terminal (i.e., 40 g) and the pin terminal (i.e., 42) describedabove. As shown, the neutral N terminal includes two screw lugs 48, 50and the ground terminal G includes four screw lugs 52, 54, 56 and 58.The provision of two screw lugs 48, 50 within the neutral terminal N andfour screw lugs 52, 54, 56 and 58 within the ground terminal G enablesthe connection of the neutral and ground wires from both AC sources(main and auxiliary) with the forward screw lug (e.g., screw lug 52)secured to the bare wire and the rearward screw lug (e.g., screw lug 54)secured to the insulation in the manner illustrated in FIG. 6. Thesecurement of the rearward screw lug to the insulation may providestrain relief to the wire or cable.

Referring back to FIG. 3, in a certain embodiment, the back wall 34includes a back wall portion 60 and two side wall portions 62, 64, eachside wall portion extending at an angle from opposite sides of the backwall portion. The back wall 34 has four circularly-shaped, perforatedcutouts, each indicated at 66, formed therein. As shown, two cutouts 66are formed on the back wall portion of the housing and each side wallportion (62, 64) has a cutout 66 formed therein. The cutouts 66 areprovided to be selectively removed from the back wall 34 of the housing24 to enable cables or wires to pass therethrough for connection to theterminals. Three tabs 68, 70 and 71 are provided to secure the inputmodule 16 to the UPS 10 in the manner shown in FIG. 2.

Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the output module 18 includes a housinggenerally indicated at 72 having a front wall 74, two side walls 76, 78,a top wall 80 and a bottom 82, which together define an interior regionof the housing. The arrangement is such that a cover 84, when secured tothe housing 72, completely encloses the interior region of the housing.Screw fasteners 86 may be provided to secure the cover 84 to the housing72. The output module 18 is configured with seven pin terminals 87provided in a formation 88 projecting from the front wall 74 of thehousing, which is pluggable into a socket 90 provided in the UPS 10(FIG. 1). An insert 92 is disposed within the interior region of thehousing 72. The insert 92 may be suitably secured to the housing 72 byscrew fasteners (not shown) and/or tabs that snap fit within openings orperforations formed in the front wall 74 and/or the side walls 76, 78 ofthe housing. The pin terminals are designed to receive conditioned powerfrom the UPS.

The interior region of the housing 72 of the output module 18 may befurther configured to have five stalls, each stall defining anelectrical connection terminal, which correspond to five of the sevenpin terminals described above. Specifically, the insert 92 of the outputmodule may be configured with five socket terminals corresponding toterminals L2, L2, L3, N and G shown in FIGS. 14-16. In one embodiment,and as described above, the front wall 74 of the housing 72 may beconfigured with the seven pin terminals within the formation 88 thatenable the output module to be inserted and plugged into the outputsocket receptacle 90 provided in the UPS in the manner illustrated inFIG. 1. Tabs, each indicated at 94, may be provided to secure the outputmodule 18 to the UPS 10.

As described above, the insert 74 is provided with five terminals, whichcorrespond to five of the seven pin terminals that are plugged into theUPS 10, each terminal having a screw lug 96 configured to secure anelectrical wire or cable (not shown), which is connected to a device,such as a computer, monitor, printer, server, etc., that is coupled tothe UPS. As with the input module 16, the electrical wire may becrimped, screwed or otherwise fastened into a contacting position withthe screw lug 96. For electrical and mechanical connection, the screwlugs 96 are substantially exposed within their respective stalls. Thethree right-hand terminals L1, L2 and L3 may be configured to receivethree phase wires. The two left-hand terminals N and G are adapted toreceive neutral and ground wires, respectively. This aspect of theinvention will be discussed in greater detail with reference to thedescription of FIGS. 14-16 below. The remaining two pin terminals mayserve to provide two different detection signals to the UPS 10. Forexample, the first signal may provide an indication whether the outputmodule 18 is plugged into the UPS 10. When the output module isunplugged from the UPS, the UPS power output shuts down, therebyassuring safety at the output contacts. Also, the UPS 10 output is notallowed to turn ON if the output module 16 is missing or not plugged in.The second signal may be provided to indicate one or three phasedistribution. The presence of an output shorting jumper (as describedbelow) indicates that the UPS 10 is configured for single phase output.

In a certain embodiment, the top wall 80 of the housing 72 of the outputmodule 18 includes a circularly-shaped, perforated cutout 98 formedtherein. The cutout 98 is provided to be selectively removed from thetop wall 80 of the housing 72 to enable cables or wires to passtherethrough for connection to the terminals.

Turning now to FIGS. 8-13, the input module may be selectivelyconfigured to accommodate a variety of wiring schemes. In particular,FIG. 8 illustrates a single feed, a single phase input and a singlephase output configuration. FIG. 9 illustrates a dual feed, a singlephase input and a single phase output configuration. FIG. 10 illustratesa single feed, a three phase input and a single phase outputconfiguration. FIG. 11 illustrates a dual feed, a three phase input anda single phase output configuration. FIG. 12 illustrates a single feed,a three phase input and a three phase output configuration. And finally,FIG. 13 illustrates a dual feed, a three phase input and a three phaseoutput configuration. In a certain embodiment, in order to achieve anyone of the desired configurations, a kit of jumper elements may beprovided. Specifically, by installing jumper elements in the mannerdescribed below, a desired configuration may be achieved by a personinstalling the input module 16. When a shorting jumper element isinstalled, the respective socket terminals 40 are connected in paralleland the total alternating current (“AC”) is distributed equally amongthese paralleled terminals. In another embodiment, the jumper elementsmay be replaced by a control, such as a rotary switch or relays, toprovide the desired connections of the terminals.

Referring first to FIG. 8, to achieve a single power feed, a singlephase input and a single phase output configuration, the input module 16may be configured with a main shorting jumper element 100, a bypassshorting jumper element 102, and three secondary shorting jumperelements 104, 106 and 108. In a certain embodiment, the jumper elements100, 102, 104, 106 and 108 may be secured to their respective terminalsL1, L2, L3, B1, B2 and B3 in the manner described below by screwfasteners (not shown). Single phase AC current provided by a main sourcemay be connected by means of a wire, cable or other suitable flexibleconnector (referred to as a “wire” or “cable” herein) to screw lug 46 ofterminal L1. This connection is represented by arrow 110 in FIG. 8.Arrows 112 represent the socket terminals 40 a, 40 b, 40 c, 40 d, 40 eand 40 f, which are connected in parallel. The total AC current throughthe wire represented by arrow 110 is distributed among socket terminalsL1, L2, L3 or B1, B2, B3 depending on the UPS 10 mode of operation. Tocomplete the connection, the neutral wire is connected to screw lugs 48,50 and the ground wire is connected to screw lugs 52, 54 or 56, 58,which are provided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G,respectively. Arrows 113, 114 represent the connection of the wires tothe respective neutral and ground terminals, respectively. Arrows 116,118 represent the connection of the neutral and ground terminals to theUPS 10 via the socket terminal 40 (specifically 40 g in FIG. 5) and thepin terminal 42.

To prevent the unwanted connection of the single phase main source wireto the other screw lugs 46 of the main source connections, i.e.,terminals L2 and L3, the main shorting jumper element 100 is configuredwith two blocking segments 120, 122. As shown in FIG. 3, the blockingsegments 120, 122 extend along a generally vertical plane from the mainshorting jumper element. In one embodiment, the main shorting jumperelement 100 and the blocking segments 120, 122 are fabricated from apiece of stamped metal material suitable to provide electricalcommunication between the terminals. The blocking segments 120, 122, aswith the blocking segments described below, are sized so as to preventthe physical connection of a wire to the terminals L2 and L3. Similarly,to prevent the unwanted connection of the single phase main source wireto the screw lugs 46 of the bypass source connections, i.e., terminalsB1, B2 and B3, the bypass shorting jumper element 102 includes twoblocking segments 124, 126. In addition, the three secondary jumperelements each have a blocking segment to prevent the unwanted connectionof the single phase main source wire to any of the bypass sourceconnections. Specifically, the first secondary jumper element 104, whichprovides electrical communication between terminals L1 and B1, includesa blocking segment 128 to prevent access to terminal B1. The secondsecondary jumper element 106, which provides electrical communicationbetween terminals L2 and B2, includes a blocking segment 130 to preventaccess to terminal B2. And lastly, the third secondary jumper element108, which provides electrical communication between terminals L3 andB3, includes a blocking segment 132 to prevent access to terminal B3.

Referring to FIG. 9, to achieve a dual feed, a single phase input and asingle phase output configuration, the input module 16 may be configuredwith the main shorting jumper element 100 and the bypass shorting jumperelement 102. As shown, single phase AC current provided by a main sourceis connected by means of a wire to the screw lug of terminal L1. Thisconnection is represented by arrow 134 in FIG. 9. Similarly, a singlephase AC current by an alternate source is connected by a wire to thescrew lug of terminal B1. This connection is represented by arrow 136.As described above, the alternate source may be taken from a secondpower source, e.g., secondary AC power source, battery, generator, orany other suitable backup power source. Arrows 138 represent the socketterminals 40 d, 40 e, 40 f, which are connected in parallel. The totalAC current provided by the main power source through the wirerepresented by arrow 134 is distributed among socket terminals L1, L2,L3 to the UPS 10. During bypass operation of the UPS 10, arrows 140represent the socket terminals 40 a, 40 b, 40 c, which are connected inparallel. The total AC current provided by the alternate power sourcethrough the wire represented by arrow 136 distributed among socketterminals B1, B2, B3 to the UPS 10. To complete the connection, theneutral and ground wires are connected to screw lugs 48, 50, 52, 54, 56and 58 provided on the neutral terminal N and the ground terminal G,respectively. Arrows 142, 144 represent the connection of the wires tothe respective neutral and ground terminals. Arrows 146, 148 representthe connection of the neutral and ground terminals to the UPS 10 via thesocket terminal 40 g and the pin terminal 42.

To prevent the unwanted connection of the single phase main source wireto the other screw lugs 46 of the main source connections, i.e.,terminals L2 and L3, the main shorting jumper element 100 is configuredwith two blocking segments 120, 122 positioned in front of theseterminals. Similarly, to prevent the unwanted connection of the singlephase alternate source wire to the screw lugs of the bypass sourceconnections, i.e., terminals B2 and B3, the bypass shorting jumperelement 102 includes two blocking segments 124, 126 positioned in frontof these terminals.

Referring to FIG. 10, to achieve a single feed, a three phase input anda single phase output configuration, the input module 16 may beconfigured with the bypass shorting jumper element 102 and the firstsecondary jumper element 104. As shown, three phase AC current providedby a main source is connected by means of three wires to the screw lugsof terminals L1, L2 and L3. This connection is represented by arrows150, 152 and 154 in FIG. 10. Arrows 156, 158 and 160 represent theconnection of the socket terminals corresponding terminals L1, L2 and L3to the UPS 10 (specifically, socket terminals 40 d, 40 e and 40 f asshown in FIG. 5) and during bypass operation of UPS 10, arrows 156represent the socket terminals 40, 40 b, 40 c, which are connected inparallel. The total AC current through the wire represented by arrow 152is distributed among socket terminals B1, B2, B3. To complete theconnection, the neutral and ground wires are connected to the screw lugsprovided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G, respectively.Arrows 162, 164 represent the connection of the wires to the respectiveneutral and ground terminals. Arrows 166, 168 represent the connectionof the neutral and ground terminals to the UPS 10 via the socketterminal 40 g and the pin terminal 42.

To prevent the unwanted connection of the three phase main source wiresto the screw lugs of the alternate power source connections, i.e.,terminals B1, B2 and B3, the bypass shorting jumper element 102 isconfigured with two blocking segments 124, 126 positioned in front oftwo of the bypass terminals, e.g., terminals B2 and B3, and the firstsecondary jumper element 104 is configured with a single blockingsegment 128 positioned in front of the remaining bypass terminal, e.g.,terminal B1.

Referring to FIG. 11, to achieve a dual feed, a three phase input and asingle phase output configuration, the input module 16 may be configuredwith the bypass shorting jumper element 102 only. As shown, three phaseAC current provided by a main source is connected by means of threewires to the screw lugs of terminals L1, L2 and L3. This connection isrepresented by arrows 170, 172 and 174 in FIG. 11. Similarly, a singlephase AC current by an alternate source is connected by a wire to thescrew lug of terminal B1. Arrow 176 represents this connection toterminal B1. Arrows 178, 180, 182 represent the connection of socketterminals corresponding to terminals L1, L2, L3 to the UPS(specifically, socket terminals 40 d, 40 e, 40 f, respectively, as shownin FIG. 5). Arrow 184 represent the socket terminals 40 a, 40 b, 40 c,which are connected in parallel. The total AC current through the wirerepresented by arrow 176 is distributed among socket terminals B1, B2,B3. To complete the connection, the neutral and ground wires areconnected to the screw lugs provided on the neutral terminal N andground terminal G, respectively. Arrows 186, 188 represent theconnection of the wires to the respective neutral and ground terminals.Arrows 190, 192 represent the connection of the neutral and groundterminals to the UPS via the socket terminal 40 g and the pin terminal42.

To prevent the unwanted connection of the single phase alternate sourcewire to the other screw lugs of the alternate source connections, i.e.,terminals B2 and B3, the bypass shorting jumper element 102 isconfigured with two blocking segments 124, 126 positioned in front ofthese terminals.

Referring to FIG. 12, to achieve a single feed, a three phase input anda three phase output configuration, the input module 16 may beconfigured with the first secondary jumper element 104, the secondsecondary jumper element 106 and the third secondary jumper element 108.As shown, three phase AC current provided by a main power source isconnected by means of three wires to the screw lugs of terminals L1, L2and L3. This connection is represented by arrows 194, 196 and 198 inFIG. 12. Arrows 200, 202 and 204 represent the current through thesocket terminals corresponding to terminals L1, L2, L3 (specifically,socket terminals 40 d, 40 e, 40 f, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5) tothe UPS 10 or through the socket terminals corresponding to terminalsB1, B2, B3 (specifically, socket terminals 40 a, 40 b, 40 c, as shown inFIG. 5) depending on the UPS 10 mode of operation. To complete theconnection, the neutral and ground wires are connected to the screw lugsprovided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G, respectively.Arrows 206, 208 represent the connection of the wires to the respectiveneutral and ground terminals. Arrows 210, 212 represent the connectionof the neutral and ground terminals to the UPS 10 via the socketterminal 40 g and the pin terminal 42.

To prevent the unwanted connection of the three phase main power sourcewires to the screw lugs of the alternate source connections, i.e.,terminals B1, B2 and B3, the first, second and third secondary jumperelements 104, 106, 108 are configured with blocking segments 128, 130,132, respectively, which are positioned in front of these terminals. Asshown, the first, second and third secondary jumper elements 104, 106,108 may direct power from the main AC source to the main UPS circuit andto the bypass UPS circuit.

Referring to FIG. 13, to achieve a dual feed, a three phase input and athree phase output configuration, the input module may be configuredwithout any of the aforementioned jumper elements, i.e., jumper elements100, 102, 104, 106 and 108. As shown, three phase AC current provided bya main power source is connected by means of three wires to the screwlugs of terminals L1, L2 and L3. This connection is represented byarrows 214, 216 and 218 in FIG. 13. Similarly, three phase AC currentprovided by a bypass source is connected by means of three wires to thescrew lugs of terminals B1, B2 and B3. Arrows 220, 222 and 224 representthis connection. Arrows 226, 228, 230, 232, 234 and 236 represent theconnection of the socket terminals corresponding to terminals L1, L2,L3, B1, B2 and B3 to the UPS 10 (specifically, socket terminals 40 d, 40e, 40 f, 40 a, 40 b and 40 c, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5). Tocomplete the connection, the neutral and ground wires are connected tothe screw lugs provided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G,respectively. Arrows 238, 240 represent the connection of the wires tothe respective neutral and ground terminals. Arrows 242, 244 representthe connection of the neutral and ground terminals to the UPS 10 via thesocket terminal 40 g and the pin terminal 42.

Turning to FIGS. 14-16, and more particularly to FIG. 14, to achieve asingle phase output connection, the output module 18 may be configuredwith an output shorting jumper element 246. In a certain embodiment, theoutput shorting jumper element 246 may be secured to terminals L1, L2,L3 and N by screw fasteners. As shown, single phase current is providedfrom the UPS 10 by means of pin terminals on L1, L2 and L3, which areprovided in the formation 88 projecting from the front wall 74 of thehousing, and the output shorting jumper element 246. The formation 88 ispluggable into the socket 90 provided in the UPS 10 (see FIG. 1). Thisconnection is represented by arrows 248 in FIG. 14. Arrow 250 representsthe connection of the terminal corresponding to terminal L3 to a desiredhardwired output. It should be understood that the connection could bemade either of the other two terminals L1 and L2. To complete theconnection, the neutral and ground wires are connected to screw lugs 96provided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G, respectively.Arrows 254, 252 represent the connection of the wires to the respectiveneutral and ground terminals to the output. As described above, thewires represented by arrows 250, 252, 254 may be connected to any devicerequiring conditioned power. For example, the device may include but isnot limited to computers, servers, auxiliary devices, etc.

The UPS 10 may be configured to communicate with sensors that measurevoltages across all of the terminals L1, L2, L3, B1, B2 and B3. Theinformation obtained from the sensors may be processed for determiningas to the type of AC power source connected to the UPS, and for warningan operator of an improper configuration.

Referring to FIG. 15, to achieve a three phase output connection, threephase current is provided from the UPS 10 by means of three pinterminals L1, L2 and L3 of the output module 18. This connection isrepresented by arrows 256, 258, 260 in FIG. 15. Arrows 262, 264 and 266represent the connection of the terminals corresponding to terminals L1,L2 and L3, respectively to a desired hardwired output. To complete theconnection, the neutral and neutral wires are connected to screw lugs 96provided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G, respectively.Arrows 268, 270 represent the connection of the wires to the respectiveneutral and ground terminals to the output.

Referring now to FIG. 16, to achieve a single phase output connection toa battery pack power distribution unit (“PDU”) 272, the output module 18may be configured with the output shorting jumper element 246. As shown,single phase current is provided from the UPS 10 by means of a PDUconnector to screw lug 96 of terminal L1. This connection is representedby arrow 276 in FIG. 16. Arrow 278 represents the connection of theterminal corresponding to terminal L1 to the desired hardwired output.As with the configuration illustrated in FIG. 14, to complete theconnection, a neutral connector 280 and a ground connector 282associated with the battery pack 272 are connected to screw lugs 96provided on the neutral terminal N and ground terminal G, respectively.Arrows 284, 286 represent the connection of the connectors 280, 282 tothe neutral and ground terminals, respectively. Arrows 288, 290represent the connection of the wires to the respective neutral andground terminals to the desired hardwired output.

As further illustrated in FIGS. 14-16, the output module 18 may beprovided with a strain relief bar 292 to secure the assist in preventingthe unwanted or unintentional removal of the wires connected to theterminals.

The output module 18, when provided with the output jumper element 246,provides single phase AC output. When the output jumper element 246 isremoved, the output module 18 may be wired to provide three phase ACpower to the desired hardwired output. The UPS 10 may be configured tocommunicate with sensors that measure voltages across all of theterminals L1, L2 and L3 and/or the output jumper element 246 of theoutput module 18. The information obtained from the sensors may beprocessed for determining an improper power configuration, and forwarning an operator of the improper configuration.

FIG. 17 illustrates the operation of the input module 16 and the outputmodule 18 within the UPS 10. FIG. 17 illustrates schematically the inputmodule 16, the output module 18, a converter 300 of the UPS 10, abattery 302, and a controller 304, which controls the operation of theUPS. As discussed above, during normal operation, the UPS converter 300is designed to covert utility power to conditioned power for a connectedload 306.

As shown, power travels from a primary power source into and from theinput module 16, to the UPS converter 300, and to the output module 18along line 308. During a power disturbance or interruption, for example,the UPS 10 may be configured to provide power to the connected load 306via the output module 18 from the battery 302 (or batteries) for afinite period of time. Specifically, the UPS 10 transfers to batteryoperation if the supply of utility power fails or is outside predefinedlimits. As shown, the battery 302 provides power directly to theconverter 300 along line 310 and to the output module 18.

Power travels from the primary (or an alternate) power source into andfrom the input module 16, around the UPS converter 300, and to theoutput module 18 along line 312. During bypass operation, bypass mode isreached either as a user selection or automatically under the control ofthe controller by employing a switch 314. For example, the UPS 10 may beconfigured with a display (not shown) that provides a menu screen tomanually select the bypass mode. Alternatively, the controller 304 maybe configured to automatically switch to bypass mode if, for example,the following conditions occur: both normal and battery operation modesare unavailable; an output overload condition occurs, or if the UPSincurs an internal fault or trigger. As shown, during bypass operation,the utility power is connected to the load 306, bypassing the converter300. If bypass mode becomes unavailable, the UPS will automaticallyswitch to main power. In the event the main power is unavailable, thecontroller 304 will switch to battery power.

In one embodiment, a rotary switch may be provided in place of the main,bypass and supplemental jumpers. In another embodiment, the input moduleand the output module may be configured to provide split phase power. Inyet another embodiment, the voltages of the terminals L1, L2, L3, B1,B2, B3 of the input module may be sensed and processed by the controllerfor determining the type of AC source connected and for determining andproviding a warning to the operator of any improper configuration.

Thus, it should be observed that the UPS of embodiments of the inventionmay enable a system operator to have one UPS for different input andoutput power configurations, which ultimately reduces cost of ownershipof the system, simplifies and reduces cost of manufacturing, service,repair and installation. In addition, the UPS of embodiments of theinvention may be configured to accept AC power input from up to twoseparate sources. In a first instance, the first source may beconfigured to either feed both the main UPS circuit and the bypass UPScircuit in the case of a single feed application. In a second instance,the first source feeds the main UPS circuit and the second source feedsthe bypass UPS circuit in the case of a dual feed application. Each ofthese input sources may be configured as one phase or three phasesindependently from each other.

Also, the UPS of embodiments of the invention may be configured to haveAC input and output jumpers, and with respect to the input module, theinput jumpers may be further configured to prevent the miswiring of theinput output module. Based on all six input voltage measurements andoutput phase configuration jumper, a determination may be made ofimproper power configuration.

Having thus described at least one illustrative embodiment of theinvention, various alterations, modifications and improvements willreadily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations,modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope andspirit of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description is byway of example only and is not intended as limiting. The invention'slimit is defined only in the following claims and the equivalentsthereto.

1. An uninterruptible power supply (“UPS”) comprising: an input moduleincluding a plurality of inputs, and at least one jumper elementconfigured to selectively couple at least one input of the plurality ofinputs to at least one other input of the plurality of inputs; whereinthe plurality of inputs and the at least one jumper element areconstructed and arranged to selectively achieve the followingconfigurations— single power feed, single phase input and single phaseoutput, dual power feed, single phase input and single phase output,single power feed, three phase input and single phase output, dual powerfeed, three phase input and single phase output, single power feed,three phase input and three phase output, and dual power feed, threephase input and three phase output.
 2. The UPS of claim 1, wherein theplurality of inputs comprise three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 andthree bypass inputs B1, B2 and B3.
 3. The UPS of claim 2, wherein the atleast one jumper element comprises a bypass shorting jumper elementconfigured to couple the three bypass inputs B1, B2 and B3 to oneanother to achieve the dual power feed, three phase input and singlephase output configuration.
 4. The UPS of claim 3, wherein the at leastone jumper element further comprises a main shorting jumper elementconfigured to couple the three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 to oneanother to achieve the dual power feed, single phase input and singlephase output configuration.
 5. The UPS of claim 3, wherein the at leastone jumper element further comprises a first secondary jumper elementconfigured to couple the primary input L1 and the bypass input B1 to oneanother to achieve the single power feed, three phase input and singlephase output configuration.
 6. The UPS of claim 4, wherein the at leastone jumper element further comprises a first secondary jumper elementconfigured to couple the primary input L1 and the bypass input B1 to oneanother, a second secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L2 and the bypass input B2 to one another, and a thirdsecondary jumper element configured to couple the primary input L3 andthe bypass input B3 to one another to achieve the single power feed,single phase input and single phase output configuration.
 7. The UPS ofclaim 2, wherein the at least one jumper element comprises a firstsecondary jumper element configured to couple the primary input L1 andthe bypass input B1 to one another, a second secondary jumper elementconfigured to couple the primary input L2 and the bypass input B2 to oneanother, and a third secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L3 and the bypass input B3 to one another to achieve thesingle power feed, three phase input and three phase outputconfiguration.
 8. The UPS of claim 2, wherein the dual feed, three phaseinput and three phase output configuration is achieved without the atleast one jumper element coupled to any of the plurality of inputs. 9.The UPS of claim 3, wherein the plurality of inputs further comprise aneutral input and a ground input, and wherein each input of theplurality of inputs comprises at least one screw lug configured tosecure a wire to each input.
 10. The UPS of claim 9, wherein the groundinput comprises at least two screw lugs positioned adjacent one another.11. The UPS of claim 1, wherein the at least one jumper element includesat least one blocking segment to selectively block the coupling of awire to at least one of the plurality of inputs.
 12. The UPS of claim 1,further comprising an output module including a plurality of outputs andan output module jumper element configured to couple at least twooutputs of the plurality of outputs to one another.
 13. The UPS of claim12, wherein the plurality of outputs comprises outputs L1, L2 and L3.14. The UPS of claim 13, wherein the plurality of outputs furthercomprise a neutral output and a ground output.
 15. The UPS of claim 14,wherein the jumper element further couples the neutral output to atleast one of the plurality of outputs.
 16. The UPS of claim 12, furthercomprising a battery pack power distribution unit coupled to one of theplurality of outputs of the output power module.
 17. A method ofselectively achieving multiple power configurations in anuninterruptible power supply of the type comprising an input modulehaving three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 and three bypass inputs B1, B2and B3, and at least one jumper element configured to selectively coupleat least one input of the plurality of inputs to at least one otherinput of the plurality of inputs, the at least one jumper elementcomprising a main shorting jumper element configured to couple the threeprimary inputs L1, L2 and L3 to one another, a bypass shorting jumperelement configured to couple the three bypass inputs B1, B2 and B3 toone another, a first secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L1 to the bypass input B1, a second secondary jumperelement configured to couple the primary input L2 to the bypass inputB2, and a third secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L3 to the bypass input B3, the method comprising:installing the bypass shorting jumper element to achieve a dual powerfeed, a three phase input and a single phase output configuration. 18.The method of claim 17, further comprising installing the main shortingjumper element to achieve a dual power feed, a single phase input and asingle phase output configuration.
 19. The method of claim 17, furthercomprising installing the first secondary jumper element to achieve asingle power feed, a three phase input and a single phase outputconfiguration.
 20. The method of claim 17, further comprising installingthe main shorting jumper element, the first secondary jumper element,the second secondary jumper element and the third secondary jumperelement to achieve a single feed, a single phase input and a singlephase output configuration.
 21. The method of claim 17, furthercomprising selectively blocking the coupling of a wire to at least oneof the plurality of inputs using one of the jumper elements.
 22. Amethod of selectively achieving multiple power configurations in anuninterruptible power supply of the type comprising an input modulehaving three primary inputs L1, L2 and L3 and three bypass inputs B1, B2and B3, and at least one jumper element configured to selectively coupleat least one input of the plurality of inputs to at least one otherinput of the plurality of inputs, the at least one jumper elementcomprising a first secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L1 to the bypass input B1, a second secondary jumperelement configured to couple the primary input L2 to the bypass inputB2, and a third secondary jumper element configured to couple theprimary input L3 to the bypass input B3, the method comprising:installing the first secondary jumper element, the second secondaryjumper element and the third secondary jumper element to achieve asingle power feed, a three phase input and a three phase outputconfiguration.
 23. The method of claim 22, further comprisingselectively blocking the coupling of at least one of the plurality ofinputs.
 24. An uninterruptible power supply (“UPS”) comprising an inputmodule including a plurality of inputs and means to selectively couplethe inputs to achieve the following configurations— single power feed,single phase input and single phase output, dual power feed, singlephase input and single phase output, single power feed, three phaseinput and single phase output, dual power feed, three phase input andsingle phase output, single power feed, three phase input and threephase output, and dual power feed, three phase input and three phaseoutput.
 25. The UPS of claim 24, further comprising an output moduleincluding a plurality of outputs and an output module jumper elementconfigured to couple at least one output of the plurality of outputs toat least one other output of the plurality of outputs.
 26. The UPS ofclaim 25, wherein the plurality of outputs comprise terminals L1, L2 andL3.
 27. The UPS of claim 26, further comprising a battery pack powerdistribution unit coupled to one of the plurality of outputs of theoutput power module.
 28. The UPS of claim 25, further comprising analternate power source coupled directly to the output module.